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Research Paper|Volume 14, Issue 16|pp 6756—6779

The risk of developing second primary malignancies among colorectal cancer patients

Songtao Du1, Yayun Li2,3,4, Huiyan Sun2,4, Guangtong Deng2,4, Siyuan Tang5, Furong Zeng3,4, Bomiao Zhang1, Binbin Cui1
  • 1Department of Colorectal Surgical Oncology, The Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
  • 2Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
  • 3Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
  • 4National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
  • 5Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
* Equal contribution
Received: March 30, 2022Accepted: August 17, 2022Published: August 26, 2022
https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.204250

Copyright: © 2022 Du et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Abstract

Background: The increasing number of young colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors has led to ongoing concerns about the risk of secondary primary malignancies (SPMs). Here, we intended to comprehensively explore the pooled standardized incidence rates (SIRs) for total and site-specific SPMs in CRC survivors with different restriction to lag period.

Methods: Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of science databases were searched to identify any studies reporting the SIRs of SPM following CRC until August 2021. Total and site-specific SIRs with different restriction to lag period were pooled using fixed/random effect models.

Results: A total of 42 full-text publications with more than 1, 524, 236 CRC survivors and 166, 210 SPM patients were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled data showed an increased SIRs for all SPMs in CRC survivors with different restriction to lag period (no restriction to lag period, SIR = 1.15, 95% CI = [1.08–1.23]; 1-year lag, 1.16 [1.10–1.23]; 5-year lag, 1.18 [1.09–1.28]; 10-year lag, 1.24 [1.11–1.39]). The conclusions were consistent for neoplasms of colorectum, corpus uteri, and small intestine with different restriction to lag period. However, limited evidence was presented for associations between CRC survivors and SPM for prostate, breast (female), ovarian, stomach, urinary bladder, kidney, thyroid, bone and soft tissue.

Conclusion: CRC survivors are associated with an increased risk of SPMs, especially neoplasms of colorectum, corpus uteri, and small intestine. Further studies should explore the risks for these neoplasms in CRC survivors, thus providing the reference for future follow-up care.