Review Volume 13, Issue 1 pp 1528—1564
Function of Deptor and its roles in hematological malignancies
- 1 Molecular Signal Pathway in Cancer Laboratory, UIMEO, Oncology Hospital, Siglo XXI National Medical Center, IMSS, México City, México
- 2 Department of Medicine, Hematology-Oncology Division, Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare Center, UCLA Medical Center, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
Received: November 6, 2020 Accepted: December 10, 2020 Published: January 7, 2021
https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.202462How to Cite
Copyright: © 2020 Morales-Martinez et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Deptor is a protein that interacts with mTOR and that belongs to the mTORC1 and mTORC2 complexes. Deptor is capable of inhibiting the kinase activity of mTOR. It is well known that the mTOR pathway is involved in various signaling pathways that are involved with various biological processes such as cell growth, apoptosis, autophagy, and the ER stress response. Therefore, Deptor, being a natural inhibitor of mTOR, has become very important in its study. Because of this, it is important to research its role regarding the development and progression of human malignancies, especially in hematologic malignancies. Due to its variation in expression in cancer, it has been suggested that Deptor can act as an oncogene or tumor suppressor depending on the cellular or tissue context. This review discusses recent advances in its transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of Deptor. As well as the advances regarding the activities of Deptor in hematological malignancies, its possible role as a biomarker, and its possible clinical relevance in these malignancies.
Abbreviations
ABC-DLBCL: Activated B-cell-DLBCL; AITL: angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma; AKT: protein kinase B / AKT; ALCL: Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma; ALK+ ALCL: ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma; ALL: Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia; AML: Acute Myeloid Leukemia; BCL6: The B-cell lymphoma 6 gene; PBC-ALL: pre-B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; BCs: B cells; BM: Bone Marrow; B-NHL: B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; cHL: classical Hodgkin Lymphoma.; CLL: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia; CN-AML: cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia; CRL: Cullin-RING ligase; DEPDC6: DEP-domain containing protein 6 (Also known as DEPTOR); Deptor protein: DEP-domain containing mTOR-interacting protein; DHL: Double Hit Lymphoma; DLBCL: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; EMT: Epithelium mesenchymal transition; ER: Endoplasmic reticulum; FL: Follicular Lymphoma; GC: Germinal Center; GC-DLBCL: Germinal Center B Cell-DLBCL; GML: gastric MALT lymphoma; GR: Glucocorticoid receptor; GRB10: growth factor receptor-bound 10; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; HDT: High-dose therapy; HGBL: high-grade B-cell lymphoma; HTLV-1: human T-cell leukemia virus type I:; IRS1: Insulin receptor substrate 1; LPS: Lipopolysaccharide; LRR: Leucine-rich repeat; LRRC4: Leucine-rich repeat containing 4; MALT: Mucose-associated lymphoma tissue); MCL: Mantle Cell Lymphoma; miRNA: micro-RNA; MM: Multiple Myeloma; mRNA: Messenger Ribonucleic Acid; mTOR: Mammalian TOR; mTORC1: mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1; mTORC2: mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2; MZL: Marginal Zone Lymphoma; NKTCL: natural extranodal killer / T-cell lymphoma; NKTCL: natural extranodal killer/T-cell lymphoma; NPM-ALK: anaplastic nucleophosmin-lymphoma kinase-mediated oncogenicity; NSCLC: Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer; OS: Overall Survival; PCD: plasma cell differentiation such; PCs: plasma cells; PDZ: post synaptic density protein (PSD95)-Drosophila disc large tumor suppressor (Dlg1), and zonula occludens-1 protein (zo-1); PFS: Progression-free survival; PGG: 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside; PKC-α: protein kinase C-α; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SCT: Stem Cell Transplantation; SGK1: Serum and glucocorticoid (GC) -induced protein kinase-1; T-ALL: T cell- acute lymphocytic leukemia; THL: Triple Hit Lymphoma; UTR: untranslated region; VDR: vitamin D receptor.