Research Paper Volume 12, Issue 24 pp 24894—24913
Obesity induced by high-fat diet is associated with critical changes in biological and molecular functions of mesenchymal stromal cells present in visceral adipose tissue
- 1 Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKÖK) Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- 2 Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Life and Natural Science, Abdullah Gül University, Kayseri, Turkey
- 3 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- 4 Department of Experimental Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, Naples, Italy
- 5 Research Institute on Ecosystems (IRET), CNR, Naples, Italy
- 6 Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
Received: October 29, 2020 Accepted: November 27, 2020 Published: December 27, 2020
https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.202423How to Cite
Abstract
The mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) residing within the stromal component of visceral adipose tissue appear to be greatly affected by obesity, with impairment of their functions and presence of senescence.
To gain further insight into these phenomena, we analyzed the changes in total proteome content and secretome of mouse MSCs after a high-fat diet (HFD) treatment compared to a normal diet (ND). In healthy conditions, MSCs are endowed with functions mainly devoted to vesicle trafficking. These cells have an immunoregulatory role, affecting leukocyte activation and migration, acute inflammation phase response, chemokine signaling, and platelet activities. They also present a robust response to stress. We identified four signaling pathways (TGF-β, VEGFR2, HMGB1, and Leptin) that appear to govern the cells’ functions.
In the obese mice, MSCs showed a change in their functions. The immunoregulation shifted toward pro-inflammatory tasks with the activation of interleukin-1 pathway and of Granzyme A signaling. Moreover, the methionine degradation pathway and the processing of capped intronless pre-mRNAs may be related to the inflammation process.
The signaling pathways we identified in ND MSCs were replaced by MET, WNT, and FGFR2 signal transduction, which may play a role in promoting inflammation, cancer, and aging.