Research Paper Volume 12, Issue 8 pp 6852—6864
Swimming exercise stimulates IGF1/ PI3K/Akt and AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1α survival signaling to suppress apoptosis and inflammation in aging hippocampus
- 1 Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
- 2 Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- 3 Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- 4 Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
- 5 Division of Addictive Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- 6 Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- 7 Department of Nursing, MeiHo University, Pingtung, Taiwan
- 8 Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- 9 Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- 10 Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
- 11 Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- 12 Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
Received: December 13, 2019 Accepted: March 9, 2020 Published: April 22, 2020
https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.103046How to Cite
Copyright © 2020 Lin et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Hippocampus is one of the most vulnerable brain regions in terms of age-related pathological change. Exercise is presumed to delay the aging process and promote health because it seems to improve the function of most of the aging mechanisms. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of swimming exercise training on brain inflammation, apoptotic and survival pathways in the hippocampus of D-galactose-induced aging in SD rats. The rats were allocated to the following groups: (1) control; (2) swimming exercise; (3) induced-aging by injecting D-galactose; (4) induced-aging rats with swimming exercise. The longevity-related AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway and brain IGF1/PI3K/Akt survival pathway were significantly reduced in D-galactose-induced aging group compared to non-aging control group and increased after exercise training. The inflammation pathway markers were over-expressed in induced-aging hippocampus, exercise significantly inhibited the inflammatory signaling activity. Fas-dependent and mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathways were significantly increased in the induced-aging group relative to the control group whereas they were decreased in the aging-exercise group. This study demonstrated that swimming exercise not only reduced aging-induced brain apoptosis and inflammatory signaling activity, but also enhanced the survival pathways in the hippocampus, which provides one of the new beneficial effects for exercise training in aging brain.