Research Paper|Volume 9, Issue 1|pp 133—141

Association of neovascular age-related macular degeneration with month and season of birth in Italy

Antonio Longo¹, Alessandra Casuccio², Luca Pani³, Teresio Avitabile¹, Salvatore Cillino⁴, Maurizio G. Uva¹, Vincenza Bonfiglio¹, Andrea Russo¹, Guglielmo Parisi¹, Gilda Cennamo⁵, Claudio Furino⁶, Mariacristina Parravano⁷, Entela Xoxi³, Michele Reibaldi¹

¹Azienda Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
²Departments of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother Child Care, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
³Italian Medicines Agency, Rome, Italy
⁴Eye Clinic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
⁵Eye Clinic, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
⁶Eye Clinic, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
⁷Fondazione G.B. Bietti, IRCCS, Rome, Italy

Received: October 20, 2016Accepted: December 2, 2016Published: December 19, 2016

https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.101137

Copyright: © 2016 Longo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Abstract

In order to investigate the influence of season and month of birth on the risk of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (n-AMD) in Italy, we evaluated the month birth and sex of all patients, recorded in the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) monitoring registry of the Italian Medicines Agency, born between 1925–1944, who received intravitreal anti-VEGF injections for n-AMD between January 1, 2013 and July 29, 2015. The numbers of all births in Italy in the same years, extracted from the Italian National Institute of Statistics, were used to calculate the expected number of n-AMD cases. Overall, 45,845 patients (19,207 men, 26,638 women) received intravitreal anti-VEGF for n-AMD; in the same years, 20,140,426 people (10,334,262 male, 9,806,164 female) were born in Italy. Comparing the observed number of n-AMD cases with the expected number of n- AMD cases in each season, we found that the season-specific risk for n-AMD was 2.5% higher for those born in summer (OR=1.03, Bonferroni-corrected P=0.008) and 3% lower for those born in winter (OR=0.96, Bonferroni-corrected P=0.0004). When considering the month of birth, the risk of n-AMD was 5.9% lower for people born in January (OR=0.93, Bonferroni-corrected P=0.0012). The factors causing such differences should be determined.