Figure 2. The long-lived mutant strains 3, 5 and 12 do not differ from the parental WT strain in efficacy of their sexual reproduction by mating, a measure of fecundity and a key trait of early-life fitness. Yeast cells of mating type MATa (i.e. the haploid WT strain BY4741) and mating type MATα (i.e. the haploid WT strain BY4742 or the selected long-lived haploid mutant strains 3, 5 or 12, each in the BY4742 genetic background) were pre-grown separately to mid-logarithmic phase in YP medium initially containing 0.2% glucose (a fermentable carbon source; CR conditions) (A) or 1% ethanol (a non-fermentable carbon source) (B). The efficiency of mating was measured as described in the ″Materials and methods″ section; it was calculated as the number of colonies of MATa/MATα diploids divided by the sum of MATa/MATα diploids plus haploid colonies. Data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 3; ns, not significant difference).