Research Paper Volume 14, Issue 5 pp 2194—2209
Tonsil mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles prevent submandibular gland dysfunction in ovariectomized rats
- 1 Pusan National University Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- 2 Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
- 3 Department of Nuclear Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
- 4 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- 5 Department of Life Science in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
- 6 Institute for Translational Dental Science, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
- 7 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
- 8 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Republic of Korea
Received: October 1, 2021 Accepted: February 11, 2022 Published: March 13, 2022
https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.203947How to Cite
Copyright: © 2022 Kim et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Dry mouth that occurs after menopause significantly reduces the quality of life of the elderly. The extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells are being studied for application in various pathological conditions in the field of tissue regenerative medicine. This study is to investigate the therapeutic effect on salivary gland dysfunction occurring after ovariectomy using tonsil mesenchymal stem cells (T-MSCs)-derived extracellular vesicles. The rats were divided into the following groups: sham-operated rats (SHAM), rats that underwent ovariectomy (OVX), and rats that underwent OVX surgery and were simultaneously injected with T-MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (OVX+EV). The rats were sacrificed 6 weeks after ovariectomy. Estradiol levels decreased in the OVX group compared with those in the SHAM group. Extracellular vesicles had no effect on estradiol levels or estrogen receptor β expression. The evaluation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α and IL-6, increased in the OVX group and decreased in the OVX+EV group. The expressions of collagen I and TGFβI increased in the OVX group but decreased in the OVX+EV group. Moreover, to examine submandibular gland function, AQP5 and α-amylase expressions were downregulated in the OVX group, but improved upon exosome injection. In conclusion, T-MSC-derived extracellular vesicles are useful for the prevented submandibular gland dysfunction that occurs after menopause.