Research Paper Volume 13, Issue 7 pp 10141—10157

Extent reflecting overall dietary amino acids composition adherence to the human requirement amino acids pattern is associated with the development of type 2 diabetes

Wei Duan1, , Tianqi Zi1, , Yanhe Zhao1, , Ruiqi Shan2, , Huanyu Wu1, , Hu Sun1, , Zhen Tian1, , Jiemei Wang1, , Liyan Liu1, , Yuntao Zhang1, , Ying Li1, , Changhao Sun1, ,

  • 1 National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
  • 2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China

Received: August 8, 2020       Accepted: December 19, 2020       Published: March 26, 2021      

https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.202777
How to Cite

Copyright: © 2021 Duan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Abstract

This study aimed to elucidate whether dietary amino acids (AAs) composition is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to investigate how serum AAs profiles mediated this association. Two prospective cohorts of 1750 and 4024 adults were enrolled. Dietary AAs compositions index (AACI) was developed to reflect the overall quality of dietary AAs composition. Multivariate linear regression and logistic regression models were used to examine associations of AACI and T2DM. The AACI was associated with the incidence of T2DM with the relative risk and 95%CI from the bottom to the top tertiles being 1.00, 1.49 (0.88-2.51) and 2.27 (1.20-4.28), and 1.00, 1.58 (1.13-2.19) and 2.33 (1.56-3.47) in the two cohorts, respectively. The AACI was positively associated with serum valine, isoleucine, glutamic acid and phenylalanine, and it was negatively associated with serum glycine and histidine in both cohorts (P<0.01). Valine, glutamic acid and histidine consistently and partially mediated the association between the AACI and T2DM in the two cohorts, with total mediation effects of 33.4% and 54.6%, respectively. Dietary AAs composition was associated with the incidence of T2DM, meanwhile, the relationship was mediated by some degree of serum AAs. Future dietary strategies should focus on the improvement of the overall quality of dietary AAs compositions.

Abbreviations

AAs: amino acids; AACI: amino acid compositions index; BCAAs: branched chain amino acids; BMI: body mass index; HDNNCDS: the Harbin Cohort Study on Diet: Nutrition and Chronic Noncommunicable Disease; HPHS: the Harbin People Health study; HRAAP: human requirement amino acids pattern; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis assessment model for insulin resistance; HDL-C: high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low density lipoprotein cholesterol; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triacylglycerol.