Research Paper Volume 12, Issue 16 pp 16555—16578
Prognostic model of patients with liver cancer based on tumor stem cell content and immune process
- 1 Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- 2 Peking University International Cancer Institute and Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
Received: April 3, 2020 Accepted: July 14, 2020 Published: August 27, 2020
https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.103832How to Cite
Copyright © 2020 Kong et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Globally, liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) has a high mortality and recurrence rate, leading to poor prognosis. The recurrence of LIHC is closely related to two aspects: degree of immune infiltration and content of tumor stem cells. Hence, this study aimed to used RNA-seq and clinical data of LIHC from The Cancer Genome Atlas, Estimation of Stromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumours, mRNA stemness index score, and weighted gene correlation network analysis methods to find genes significantly linked to the aforementioned two aspects. Key genes and clinical factors were used as input. Lasso regression and multivariate Cox regression were conducted to build an effective prognostic model for patients with liver cancer. Finally, four key genes (KLHL30, PLN, LYVE1, and TIMD4) and four clinical factors (Asian, age, grade, and bilirubin) were included in the prognostic model, namely Immunity and Cancer-stem-cell Related Prognosis (ICRP) score. The ICRP score achieved a great performance in test set. The area under the curve value of the ICRP score in test set for 1, 3, and 5 years was 0.708, 0.723, and 0.765, respectively, which was better than that of other prognostic prediction methods for LIHC. The C-index evaluation method also reached the same conclusion.
Abbreviations
ICRP: Immunity and cancer-stem cell related prognosis; ESTIMATE: Estimation of Stromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumours using Expression data; WGCNA: weighted gene correlation network analysis; GO: Gene Ontology; KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; ROC: Receiver operating characteristic; AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer; ALBI: Albumin-Bilirubin; LIHC: Liver hepatocellular carcinoma; CSC: cancer stem cells; KLHL30: kelch-like protein 30; PLN: Phospholamban; LYVE1: Lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1.