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Research Paper|Volume 12, Issue 16|pp 16046—16061

Pan-metastatic cancer analysis of prognostic factors and a prognosis-based metastatic cancer classification system

Chao Zhang1, Guijun Xu1,2, Yao Xu1, Haixiao Wu1, Xu Guo1,3, Min Mao4, Vladimir P. Baklaushev5, Vladimir P. Chekhonin6, Karl Peltzer7, Ye Bai8, Guowen Wang1, Wenjuan Ma9, Xin Wang10
  • 1Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumours, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
  • 2Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
  • 3Department of Orthopedics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061000, Hebei province, China
  • 4Department of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
  • 5Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies, Federal Biomedical Agency of the Russian Federation, Moscow 115682, Russian Federation
  • 6Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, Federal Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
  • 7Department of Research and Innovation, University of Limpopo, Turfloop 0527, South Africa
  • 8Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
  • 9Department of Breast Imaging, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
  • 10Department of Health Management Center (Epidemiology and Biostatistics), First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
* Co-first authors
Received: April 10, 2020Accepted: May 28, 2020Published: August 27, 2020
https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.103467

Copyright © 2020 Zhang et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) 3.0 License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

We aimed to perform a pan-metastatic cancer analysis on survival and prognostic factors and to create a prognosis-based classification system. We selected distant metastasis patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The associations between the characteristics of the patients at admission and overall survival were determined. A prognosis-based metastatic cancer classification was established based on the identified prognostic factors. The differences in prognosis among these categories were tested. The survival rate and prognostic factors were not consistent across cancers. Three metastatic cancer categories were generated, each with different prognoses. The prognostic differences among the categories were satisfactorily validated. Different metastatic cancer types had homogeneous and heterogeneous survival rates and prognostic factors. A prognosis-based classification system for synchronous distant metastasis cancer patients at admission was created. This classification system reflects the grade of malignancy in metastatic cancers and may guide the prediction of survival and individualized treatment. Moreover, it may have important implications for the management of synchronous metastatic cancers and aid clinicians in properly allocating medical resources to metastatic patients.