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Research Paper|Volume 12, Issue 13|pp 12960—12986

LOXL2 from human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells accelerates wound epithelialization by promoting differentiation and migration of keratinocytes

Dan He1, Feng Zhao1, Han Jiang2, Yue Kang3, Yang Song1,5, Xuewen Lin1, Ping Shi4, Tao Zhang1, Xining Pang1,4
  • 1Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Shenyang Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110013, Liaoning, China
  • 2Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China
  • 3Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China
  • 4Shenyang Amnion Bioengineering and Technology R & D Center, Shenyang Liaoning Amnion Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Professional Technology Innovation Platform, Liaoning Human Amniotic Membrane Biological Dressing Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Engineering Research Center, Shenyang 110015, Liaoning, China
  • 5Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China
Received: October 9, 2019Accepted: May 1, 2020Published: July 4, 2020
https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.103384

Copyright © 2020 He et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Abstract

In this study, we identified wound healing-related proteins secreted by human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) and human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs). We observed increased migration and reduced proliferation and differentiation when keratinocytes were co-cultured in media conditioned by hAECs (hAECs-CM) and hAMSCs (hAMSCs-CM). Label-free mass spectrometry and bioinformatic analyses of the hAECs-CM and hAMSCs-CM proteome revealed several proteins associated with wound healing, angiogenesis, cellular differentiation, immune response and cell motility. The levels of the proteins related to wound healing, including CTHRC1, LOXL2 and LGALS1, were significantly higher in hAMSCs-CM than hAECs-CM. LOXL2 significantly enhanced in vitro keratinocyte migration and differentiation compared to CTHRC1 and LGALS1. Moreover, LOXL2 enhanced keratinocyte migration and differentiation by activating the JNK signaling pathway. We observed significant reduction in the in vitro migration and differentiation of keratinocytes when co-cultured with medium conditioned by LOXL2-silenced hAMSCs and when treated with 10 μM SP600125, a specific JNK inhibitor. Treatment with hAMSCs-CM and LOXL2 significantly accelerated wound healing in the murine skin wound model. These findings show that LOXL2 promotes wound healing by inducing keratinocyte migration and differentiation via a JNK signaling pathway.