Research Paper Volume 17, Issue 1 pp 161—169

Figure 4. Effect of long-term OSKM-GFP gene therapy on the pregnancy rate, litter size, pup BW and estrous cyclicity in MA female rats. (A) There were three experimental groups; 4 months old intact females (Young, N = 12), 9.3 months old control rats (MA control N = 12) and 9.3 months old OSKM-treated rats (MA OSKM N = 12). These N values are indicated on each bar. (B) Pups were weighed when they were 1 or 2 days old and again at weaning (21 days). (C) During the 10th month of life daily vaginal smears were taken in the OSKM-treated rats in order to assess the effect of the OSKM gene therapy on regularity of estrous cyclicity. The estrous cycle phases are indicated as follows. Abbreviations: P: Proestrus; E: Estrus; D1: Early diestrus; D2: Late diestrus.