Research Paper Volume 16, Issue 11 pp 9625—9648

3D-printed porous zinc scaffold combined with bioactive serum exosomes promotes bone defect repair in rabbit radius

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Figure 2. Extraction and identification of exosomes from rabbit serum for biological activity. (A) The analysis of exosome particle size using nanoscale flow cytometry; (B) The analysis of exosome concentration. (C, D) Transmission electron microscopy images of exosomes in serum samples from rabbit models with femoral fractures, where C shows the exosome suspension at dilutions of 10, 30, and 50-fold from left to right, and D illustrates the protein expression of CD63, TSG101, and syntenin1 in exosomes from the serum of rabbit models with femoral fractures.