Figure 1.M1 polarization of intestinal macrophages and characterization of exosomes. (A) CD9, CD81 were highly expressed in exosomes. (B–D) ELISA (n = 3). Inflammatory cytokines IL-18, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels of M1-Exo group increased relative to M0-Exo group. *P < 0.05 between two groups.
