Research Paper Volume 16, Issue 4 pp 3107—3136

Figure 1. Effect estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations of first-trimester one carbon metabolism nutrients and metals with epigenetic gestational age acceleration (EGAA) and epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) at birth and in mid-childhood. EGAA and EAA were calculated from cord blood DNA methylation, and EAA was calculated from mid-childhood blood DNA methylation. Effect estimates (95% confidence intervals) are reported per one standard deviation (SD) increase in concentration from robust linear models evaluated separately for each nutrient and metal adjusting for child sex, race and ethnicity, nulliparity, maternal age at enrollment, pre-pregnancy BMI, education, income, smoking, and estimated cell type proportions. Significant associations (p < 0.05) are plotted in orange.