Research Paper Volume 16, Issue 1 pp 106—128

Figure 5. The effects of JPYSF on NAD⁺ content in vivo and in vitro. (A) NAD⁺ content in the kidney of normal mice and CKD mice with or without JPYSF treatment (n = 4). (B) NAD⁺ content in HK-2 cells stimulated with TGF-β1 at the concentrations of 0, 2, 5, and 10 ng/mL (n = 3). (C) NAD⁺ content in HK-2 cells with TGF-β1 or/and JPYSF stimulation (n = 3). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (^nsp > 0.05, ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01, ^***p < 0.001 between the indicated two groups).