Research Paper Volume 15, Issue 8 pp 2852—2862

Figure 3. p21^Waf1/Cip1 RNA-ISH transcription is upregulated in both epidermal and dermal tissues in chronic wounds. Representative RNA-ISH images showing p21^Waf1/Cip1 nuclear localization in (A) normal skin, (B) an acute wound, and (C) a chronic wound, 20× magnification (top) and focused zoom (bottom) (n = 6 in each group at day 14). (D) Quantification of p21^Waf1/Cip1 positive cells in epidermis, papillary dermis, and reticular dermis. Measurements are expressed as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-test; ^*p < 0.05, ^****p < 0.0001. RNA-ISH, RNA in situ hybridization.