Research Paper Volume 14, Issue 21 pp 8763—8782
HBP1 inhibits the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus through transcriptional activation of the IGFBP1 gene
Figure 7. Model of the effect of the transcription factor HBP1 on glucose metabolism and the development of HFD-induced T2DM. Under normal physiological conditions, knockout of the HBP1 gene only causes a temporary decrease in blood glucose level, but then the insulin/HBP1/IGFBP1/IGF1/PI3K/AKT negative feedback loop ensures that the blood insulin concentration quickly recovers. However, during long-term HFD-feeding, the hypoglycemic effect of IGF-1 impairs. This would result in hyperglycemia and further stimulate insulin secretion, creating a vicious cycle, leading to insulin resistance and the development of T2DM.