Toxic effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on corneas <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>

Junxing Yang; Jianliang Liu; Ping Wang; Juanjuan Sun; Xiaohui Lv; Yumei Diao

doi:doi:10.18632/aging.202412

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Research Paper Volume 13, Issue 4 pp 5020—5033

Toxic effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on corneas in vitro and in vivo

Figure 4. TiO₂ NPs activated Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway in corneal endothelial cells. The mRNA level of Nrf2 (A), HO1 (B), NQO1 (C), γ-GCS (D), Keap1 (E) in primary corneal endothelial cells with indicated treatment. (F) Protein level of Keap1 and Nrf2 in primary corneal endothelial cells with indicated treatment. ^*P<0.05, ^**P<0.01, ^***P<0.001.