Figure 5 — Intranasal delivery of 9-cis retinoic acid reduces beta-amyloid deposition via inhibiting astrocyte-mediated inflammation

Research Paper|Volume 12, Issue 6|pp. 5469–5478

Intranasal delivery of 9-cis retinoic acid reduces beta-amyloid deposition via inhibiting astrocyte-mediated inflammation

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Figure 5.9-cis RA reduced amyloid-associated neuroinflammation. (A–C) The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the cortex of APP/PS1 were examined by ELISA. Data represent the mean ± SEM (n=6). *, P < 0.05.