Research Paper Volume 11, Issue 11 pp 3445—3462
N-acetyl cysteine, inulin and the two as a combined therapy ameliorate cognitive decline in testosterone-deprived rats
Figure 5. The effects of NAC, inulin and the combined therapy on hippocampal apoptosis in rats with testosterone deprivation. (A-F) Representative images of TUNEL positive cells and DAPI immunofluorescence under confocal microscopy at CA1 of the hippocampus of NDS, NDO, NDOT, NDON, NDOI, and NDOC respectively (scale bar = 50 µm). (G) Hippocampal apoptosis as indicated by the co-localization of the number of hippocampal TUNEL positive cells and DAPI. NDS: rats with sham operation; NDO: rats with orchiectomy; NDOT: rats with orchiectomy receiving testosterone replacement; NDON: rats with orchiectomy receiving NAC treatment; NDOI: rats with orchiectomy receiving inulin treatment; NDOC: rats with orchiectomy receiving the combined therapy (the combination of NAC and inulin) (N=6 of each group) *p<0.05 in comparison with the NDS, †p<0.05 in comparison with the NDS.