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Review|Volume 10, Issue 12|pp 4269—4288

Protein synthesis and quality control in aging

Aleksandra S. Anisimova1,2, Alexander I. Alexandrov1,3, Nadezhda E. Makarova2, Vadim N. Gladyshev1,4, Sergey E. Dmitriev1,2,5
  • 1Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
  • 2School of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
  • 3Bach Institute of Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
  • 4Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
  • 5Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
Received: October 18, 2018Accepted: December 10, 2018Published: December 18, 2018
https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.101721

Copyright: © 2018 Anisimova et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Abstract

Aging is characterized by the accumulation of damage and other deleterious changes, leading to the loss of functionality and fitness. Age-related changes occur at most levels of organization of a living organism (molecular, organellar, cellular, tissue and organ). However, protein synthesis is a major biological process, and thus understanding how it changes with age is of paramount importance. Here, we discuss the relationships between lifespan, aging, protein synthesis and translational control, and expand this analysis to the various aspects of proteome behavior in organisms with age. Characterizing the consequences of changes in protein synthesis and translation fidelity, and determining whether altered translation is pathological or adaptive is necessary for understanding the aging process, as well as for developing approaches to target dysfunction in translation as a strategy for extending lifespan.