Research Paper Volume 16, Issue 21 pp 13181—13200

Figure 2. Various MK CM treatments increase length and complexity of BMEC vascular network. The number of nodes (A, B), the number of meshes (C, D), the number of vessel-like structures formed (E, F), and the total length of vessel-like structures (G, H) were quantified following an 8-hour incubation period. Representative images of BMEC vessel-like formation assays for control media (I, M), young MK CM (J, N), old MK CM (K, O), and positive control (L, P), with males in panels I-L, and females in panels (M–P). Data are expressed as a mean ± SD fold change relative to their respective controls (n = 8–13 biological replicates/group). Significance was determined using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc analysis (A, C, D, E) or Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s post-hoc analysis (B, F, G, H) depending on the normalcy of the data distribution as determined by a Shapiro-Wilk test. Both young and aged female MK CM significantly increased all vessel-like formation properties. While young male MK CM also improved vessel-like properties, aged male MK CM did not increase the number of vessel-like structures nor the length of the vessel-like structures.