Research Paper Volume 16, Issue 10 pp 8630—8644
Neferine mitigates angiotensin II-induced atrial fibrillation and fibrosis via upregulation of Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibition of TGF-β/p-Smad2/3 pathways
Figure 4. Neferine inhibited Ang II-induced ROS generation and mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization. (A) HL-1 cells were treated with 100 nM Ang II and 10 μM neferine for 24 hours; ROS generation was determined by DCF-DA staining, and the statistical results are shown on the right (n = 3). (B) Mitochondrial ROS generation was assessed through MitoSOX staining, with the corresponding statistical results on the right (n = 3). (C) Mitochondrial membrane potential was determined by JC-1 staining, and the statistical results are shown on the right (n = 3). *P < 0.05 for the difference compared with the Saline group; #P < 0.05 for the difference compared with the Ang II group.