Research Paper Volume 16, Issue 10 pp 8630—8644
Neferine mitigates angiotensin II-induced atrial fibrillation and fibrosis via upregulation of Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibition of TGF-β/p-Smad2/3 pathways
Figure 3. Neferine inhibited Ang II-induced atrial oxidative stress. (A) Determination of ROS generation in the atrium through DHE staining; the red fluorescence intensity was quantified and shown on the right (n = 5). (B) Measurement of relative atrial GSH levels (n = 5). (C) Assessment of relative atrial SOD levels (n = 5). (D) Evaluation of relative atrial MDA levels (n = 5). Data are presented as mean ± SEM, and n represents the number of samples. *P < 0.05 for the difference compared with the Saline group; #P < 0.05 for the difference compared with the Ang II group.