Figure 5 — Trigeminal nerve electrical stimulation attenuates early traumatic brain injury through the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway mediated by orexin-A/OX1R system

Research Paper|Volume 16, Issue 9|pp. 7946–7960

Trigeminal nerve electrical stimulation attenuates early traumatic brain injury through the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway mediated by orexin-A/OX1R system

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Figure 5.Trigeminal nerve electrical stimulation (TNS) decreases interleukin (IL)-6 levels after traumatic brain injury (TBI) via orexin-A (OX-A)/orexin receptor 1 (OX1R). Representative immunofluorescence staining and relative mRNA levels of interleukin IL-6. Results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD; ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01, ^***P < 0.001).