Research Paper Volume 16, Issue 9 pp 7946—7960

Trigeminal nerve electrical stimulation attenuates early traumatic brain injury through the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway mediated by orexin-A/OX1R system

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Figure 3. Trigeminal nerve electrical stimulation (TNS) relieves tissue damage and neuronal degeneration. (A) Representative hematoxylin-eosin staining images of four groups of cortical tissues showing areas of necrosis, scale = 50 μm. (B) Representative Nissl staining of four groups of cortical tissues demonstrates necrotic degeneration of neurons, scale = 20 μm.