Research Paper Volume 16, Issue 3 pp 2005—2025

Figure 1. Effects of intestinal cell type-specific VDR knockdown on ISC proliferation. (A, B) ISC and EB (esg^ts), EB (Su^ts), EC (Myo^ts), and EE (pros^ts)-specific knockdown of VDR induces ISC division. Flies carrying esg^ts>GFP and esg^ts>GFP+VDRRi, Su^ts>GFP and Su^ts>GFP+VDRRi, Myo^ts>GFP and Myo^ts>GFP+VDRRi, or pros^ts>GFP and pros^ts>GFP+VDRRi genotypes were cultured for 4 days at 29° C. The midguts of the flies were dissected, fixed, and labeled with anti-PH3 (red) and anti-GFP (green) antibodies and DAPI (blue). The original magnification is 200×. (B) The number of PH3⁺ cells in the midgut with ISC and EB- (esg^ts), EB- (Su^ts), EC- (Myo^ts), and EE (pros^ts)-specific VDR knockdown. Gut samples of esg^ts>GFP and esg^ts>GFP+VDRRi (a), Su^ts>GFP and Su^ts>GFP+VDRRi (b), Myo^ts>GFP and Myo^ts>GFP+VDRRi (c), or pros^ts>GFP and pros^ts>GFP+VDRRi (d) flies maintained at 29° C for a week were labeled with anti-PH3 (red) and anti-GFP (green) antibodies and DAPI (blue). PH3⁺ cell numbers were determined in the entire gut under a microscope. P-values were determined using Student’s t-test. p < 0.001, p < 0.0001. n.s., no significant differences.