Research Paper Volume 16, Issue 2 pp 1663—1684
Usenamine A triggers NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma by targeting the DDX3X/SQSTM1 axis
Figure 6. DDX3X overexpression promotes NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis in LUAD cells. (A, B) Relative mRNA and protein expression of DDX3X and SQSTM1 in H1299 cells were measured by RT-qPCR and western blotting, respectively. (C) Cell pyroptosis was observed by TEM. Scale bar = 500 nm. (D) H1299 cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. (E) Expression of HMGB1 and NLRP3 were measured by immunofluorescence staining. Scale bar = 25 μm. (F) Relative protein expression of NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD pathway-related proteins was measured by western blotting. ##p < 0.01 vs. oe-NC; $$p < 0.01 vs. oe-DDX3X. DDX3X, DEAD-Box helicase 3 X-Linked; GSDMD, gasdermin D; LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma; NLRP3, NOD-like receptor pyrin 3; RT-qPCR, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR.