Research Paper Volume 16, Issue 1 pp 648—664
Danggui-Shaoyao-San (DSS) ameliorates the progression of osteoarthritis via suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway: an in vitro and in vivo study combined with bioinformatics analysis
Figure 5. DSS inhibited LPS-induced inflammation in chondrocytes. The chondrocytes were pretreated with DSS for 24 h and stimulated with or without LPS for 2 h. (A–C) The mRNA expression levels of iNOS, COX-2, and IL-6 were detected by qRT-PCR. (D) The protein levels of iNOS and COX-2 were measured by western blot. ##p < 0.01, ####p < 0.0001 vs. control group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ****p < 0.0001 vs. LPS alone treatment group, n = 3.