Figure 4. Employment of machine learning techniques in identifying the Ub-related hub gene. (A–D) Construction of Ub-related genes using LASSO, SVM, Xgboost, and RF. (E) The overlapping of hub genes between the four machine learning algorithms illustrated by Venn diagram. (F) The relationship between the 11 Ub-related hub genes. Abbreviations: LASSO: least absolute shrinkage and selection operator; SVM: support vector machine; XGBoost: eXtreme Gradient Boosting; RF: random forest.