Research Paper Volume 15, Issue 15 pp 7496—7512
Study on the effect of a triple cancer treatment of propolis, thermal cycling-hyperthermia, and low-intensity ultrasound on PANC-1 cells
Figure 1. Viability inhibition effects of propolis on PANC-1, Detroit 551, and H6c7 cells. MTT assay was conducted to determine the viabilities of PANC-1 cells after the treatment of (A) different propolis concentrations and (B) different combinations of physical stimulations. (C) Representative light microscope images of PANC-1 cells after each treatment, scale bar = 100 μm. The viabilities of (D) normal human skin cells Detroit 551 and (E) normal human pancreatic duct cells H6c7 were measured 24 h after each treatment. Data were presented as the mean ± standard deviation in triplicate. ***P < 0.001, comparison between indicated groups.