Research Paper Volume 15, Issue 12 pp 5887—5916
Swertia cincta Burkill alleviates LPS/D-GalN-induced acute liver failure by modulating apoptosis and oxidative stress signaling pathways
Figure 10. ESC alleviated acute liver failure in vitro (A) HepG2 cells were treated with 0-200 μg/mL ESC for 24 h. (B) HepG2 cells were treated with 0-50 mM D-GalN for 24 h. (C) HepG2 cells were exposed to 30mM D-GalN and 1 μg/mL LPS. Then, they were treated with 6.25, 12.5, and 25 μg/mL ESC medicated serum for 24 h or with blank serum. (D) Cell death percentage was determined by live/dead assay using fluorescent probe calcein-AM/PI. (E) The ALT, (F) AST, (G) TNF-α, (H) IL1-β, (I) IL-6 levels in the culture supernatant of HepG2 cells. (J) The calcein-AM/PI staining (100×). (K) The apoptotic status was measured through flow cytometry. (L) Percentages of apoptotic cells. Results of 3 independent experiments were described above, of which the significant ones were recorded as *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, respectively, for the model group and the control group.