Research Paper Volume 15, Issue 12 pp 5854—5872

Figure 2. iPSC-derived exosomes significantly increased the neovascularization of aortic rings in old mice. (A) The accumulated neovascularized area of the aortic rings of untreated young mice were significantly higher than that of untreated old mice. (B) Effects of iPSC-derived exosomes on angiogenesis of aortic ring in old mice. Old: the aortic rings of untreated old mice; Old + exo in vivo: the aortic rings of old mice pre-treated with iPSC-derived exosomes by tail vein injection; Old + exo in vitro: the aortic rings of old mice were cultured with iPSC-exosomes in vitro; Old + exo in vivo and exo in vitro: the aortic rings of old mice pre-treated with iPSC-derived exosomes via tail vein injection were cultured with iPSC-derived exosomes in vitro. (C) Effects of iPSC-exosomes on angiogenesis of aortic ring in young mice. Young: the aortic rings of untreated young mice; Young + exo in vivo: the aortic rings of young mice pre-treated with iPSC-derived exosomes via tail vein injection; Young + exo in vitro: the aortic rings of untreated young mice were cultured with iPSC-exosomes in vitro; Young + exo in vivo and exo in vitro: the aortic rings of young mice pre-treated with iPSC-derived exosomes via tail vein injection were cultured with iPSC-exosomes in vitro. Scale bar, 500 μm. Quantification of the area of aortic ring is presented in the right panel. iPSCs, induced pluripotent stem cells; exo, exosomes.