Research Paper Volume 14, Issue 20 pp 8221—8242
AR12 increases BAG3 expression which is essential for Tau and APP degradation via LC3-associated phagocytosis and macroautophagy
Figure 9. AR12 and neratinib reduce chaperone expression and enhance ER stress signaling in microglia. (A) BV2 microglial cells were treated with vehicle control, AR12 (2 μM), neratinib (50 nM) or the drugs in combination for 6h. Cells were fixed in place and immunostaining performed to determine the expression of GRP78 (total and cell surface), HSP70, HSP90, eIF2α and ERK2, and the phosphorylation of eIF2α S51. (n = 3 +/-SD) * p < 0.05 less than vehicle control; ** p < 0.05 less than AR12 treatment alone; # p < 0.05 greater than vehicle control; ## p < 0.05 greater than AR12 treatment alone. (B) BV2 microglial cells were treated with vehicle control, AR12 (2 μM), neratinib (50 nM) or the drugs in combination for 3h and 6h. Cells were fixed in place and immunostaining performed to determine the expression of BAG3, AHA1, CDC37, HDAC6, p62, LAMP2 and ERK2. (n = 3 +/-SD) * p < 0.05 less than vehicle control; ** p < 0.05 less than AR12 treatment alone; # p < 0.05 greater than vehicle control.