Research Paper Volume 13, Issue 17 pp 21571—21586
TNFSF9 promotes metastasis of pancreatic cancer through Wnt/Snail signaling and M2 polarization of macrophages
Figure 6. TNFSF9 activates Wnt signal to promote M2 polarization of macrophages. (A) The mRNA expression levels of IL-10 and TGF-β in TNFSF9 knockdown pancreatic cancer cells were decreased, and the mRNA expression levels of IL-4 were increased. (B) After adding Wnt agonist, the mRNA expression level of IL-10 and TGF-β increased. (C) After adding Wnt agonist, pancreatic cancer cells that knock down TNFSF9 reduce the mRNA levels of M1 markers (IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α) in macrophages. (D) After adding Wnt agonist, pancreatic cancer cells that knock down TNFSF9 increase the mRNA levels of M2 markers (IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-β) in macrophages. *P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001.