Figure 5. Influence of PAE on the activation of TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway in PCOS rats was evaluated by western blot. The protein expressions of (A) TGF-β1, (B) p-Smad3, (C) Smad3, (D) Smad7, (E) α-SMA and (F) MMP2 were detected in ovarian tissues of PCOS rats. Same one GAPDH was used as the internal standard in (A, D, E). Same one GAPDH was used as the internal standard in (B, C, F). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001 vs. SDR group. #P < 0.05, ##P< 0.01 and ###P< 0.01 vs. PCOSR group. PCOS, polycystic ovarian syndrome; SDR, normal control group; PCOSR, PCOS model group; PAE-L, PAE low-dose group (20 mg/kg/d); PAE-M, PAE middle-dose group (40 mg/kg/d); PAE-H, PAE high-dose group (80 mg/kg/d).