Figure 7. A potential mechanism contributing to the hUMSC-Exos-induced decrease in microglia-mediated neuroinflammation after ischemic stroke. After injection of hUMSC-Exos into the tail vein of the murine ischemic stroke model, they traversed the blood-brain barrier and were internalized by microglia at the site of cerebral injury. Exosomal miR-146a-5p may decrease microglia-mediated neuroinflammation by suppressing the IRAK1/TRAF6 signaling pathway.