Research Paper Volume 13, Issue 2 pp 2768—2779

Figure 2. PTPN2 deficiency enhances the secretion of inflammatory cytokines in THP-1 cells and U937 cells, and toward M1 phenotype. shRNA-1 and shRNA-2 of PTPN2 were used to knock down the expression of PTPN2 in THP-1 cells and U937 cells. (A) IB analysis PTPN2 expression in THP-1 cells and U937 cells. (B) The mRNA level of IL-12 and IL-1β in THP-1 cells and U937 cells were analyzed by qRT-PCR. (C) Expression of IL-12 and IL-1β in THP-1 cells or U937 cells with PTPN2 overexpression were detected by qRT-PCR. (D) IB analysis the protein levels of p65, p38 and STAT3 in THP-1 cells and U937 cells. (E, F) M1 and M2 related polarization genes were analyzed by qRT-PCR assay in THP-1 cells and U937 cells. (G, H) Flow cytometry analysis the polarization of THP-1 cells and U937 cells. Data are representative of at least three independent experiments and are presented as mean ± SD. ns, not statistically significant; *, P < 0.05. **, P < 0.01.