Research Paper Volume 13, Issue 1 pp 694—713
Activation of adenosine A3 receptor reduces early brain injury by alleviating neuroinflammation after subarachnoid hemorrhage in elderly rats
Figure 2. The A3R agonist ameliorated neuronal apoptosis and improved neurobehavioral outcomes by regulating neuroinflammatory after SAH. (A) Apoptotic neurons and percentage of TUNEL-positive cells in the cerebral cortex 24 h after SAH. NeuN was used as a neuron marker. (B) Neurologic score was performed 24 h after SAH. (C, D) The changes of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-4 and IL-10 mRNA at 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after SAH. (E, F) The inflammatory cytokines was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at 24 h after SAH. n=5 in each group. Values are shown as the mean ± SD. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01, versus sham group; ## p < 0.01, versus SAH group; & p < 0.05 and && p < 0.01 versus SAH+CI-IB-MECA group.