Vascular, inflammatory and metabolic risk factors in relation to dementia in Parkinson’s disease patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Ting Wang; Feilan Yuan; Zhenze Chen; Shuzhen Zhu; Zihan Chang; Wanlin Yang; Bin Deng; Rongfang Que; Peihua Cao; Yinxia Chao; Lingling Chan; Ying Pan; Yanping Wang; Linting Xu; Qiurong Lyu; Piu Chan; Midori A. Yenari; Eng-King Tan; Qing Wang

doi:doi:10.18632/aging.103776

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Research Paper Volume 12, Issue 15 pp 15682—15704

Vascular, inflammatory and metabolic risk factors in relation to dementia in Parkinson’s disease patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Figure 1. Flow diagram of patients with dementia diagnosed with PD, DM, or PD-DM and the clinical investigations conducted. PD - patients with Parkinson’s disease without type 2 diabetes mellitus; DM - type 2 diabetes mellitus without Parkinson’s disease; PD-DM - patients with Parkinson’s disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus; MDS-UPDRS - Movement Disorder Society–Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale; H&Y - the modified Hoehn and Yahr staging scale; NMSS - nonmotor symptoms scale for Parkinson’s Disease; MMSE - Mini Mental State Examination; MoCA - Montreal Cognitive Assessment; WMLs - White matter lesions.