Research Paper Volume 12, Issue 8 pp 6852—6864
Swimming exercise stimulates IGF1/ PI3K/Akt and AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1α survival signaling to suppress apoptosis and inflammation in aging hippocampus
Figure 3. Exercise training enhanced IGF1/Akt survival pathway in D-galactose-induced aging rat hippocampus. The representative protein levels of survival proteins p-IGF1 receptor (p-IGF1R), p-PI3K, p-Akt and pro-survival Bcl family of Bcl-xL prepared from hippocampi in the control, exercise, aging and aging with exercise rats were measured by Western blotting analysis (n=3). The protein expression folds were normalized with β-actin. ***P<0.001, significant differences from the control group. ## P <0.05, ### P <0.01, significant differences from the D-galactose-induced aging group.