Figure 3. Effects of AAVs on cytokine production by macrophages. (A) F4/80+ macrophages in the degeneration zone were isolated by flow cytometry, as shown by representative flow charts. (B–G) ELISA for TNFα (B) IL-1β (C) IL-6 (D) IL-4 (E) IL-10 (F) and TGFβ1 (G). *p<0.05. NS: non-significant. N=7.