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Research Paper Volume 12, Issue 6 pp 4836—4865

Nrf2 deficiency aggravates PM2.5-induced cardiomyopathy by enhancing oxidative stress, fibrosis and inflammation via RIPK3-regulated mitochondrial disorder

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Figure 9. Promoting Nrf2 expression alleviates PM2.5-induced cardiomyopathy. (A) RT-qPCR and (B) western blot analysis of Nrf2 in heart tissues from Nrf2+/+ mice at the indicated time points. n = 6 in each group. (C) RT-qPCR and (D) western blot analysis of Nrf2 in heart tissues from Nrf2+/+ mice treated with or without DMF. n = 6 in each group. (E) Representative images of H&E staining and RIPK3 staining of cardiac sections from the indicated groups of mice were displayed, and the relative expression of RIPK3 was quantified by IHC. n = 6 in each group. (F) Western blot analysis of RIPK3 in heart tissues. n = 6 in each group. (G) Cardiac function was analyzed by echocardiography. LVFS% and LVEF% were quantified. n = 10 in each group. (H) Cardiac SOD and 4-HNE levels were measured. n = 8 in each group. (I) Western blot analysis of HO1, NQO1, GCLM and Keap1 protein expression in heart tissues. n = 6 in each group. (J) RT-qPCR analysis of Col1a1, α-SMA, FN and TGFβ1 mRNA levels in heart samples. n = 6 in each group. (K) ELISA analysis of TNF-α and IL-1β in heart tissues. n = 8 in each group. (L) Western blot analysis of TGFβ1 and p-NF-κB in heart tissues. n = 6 in each group. Data were expressed as the mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01; ns, no significant difference.