Figure 5. Mechanisms mediating enhanced exercise capacity in RGS14 KO and its uniquely powerful BAT. Multiple mechanisms mediated the enhanced exercise capacity in RGS14 KO mice. The most important mechanism is BAT, which mediates SIRT3, MnSOD, MEK/ERK and VEGF pathways. These mechanisms regulate exercise capacity by improved mitochondrial function, protection against oxidative stress and improved blood flow/angiogenesis. Reprinted from Vatner DE, et al Aging Cell. 2023; 22(4).