Research Paper Volume 16, Issue 19 pp 12820—12832

Anticancer potential of isoalantolactone in testicular cancer: an analysis of cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and signaling pathways

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Figure 1. IATL showed a cytotoxic effect and induced apoptosis in the NCCIT and NTERA2 cell lines. (A) We conducted an MTT assay to analyze the cell viability in NCCIT and NTERA2 cell lines treated with IATL (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 μM) for 24 hours. In addition, flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle of testicular cancer cell lines after IATL treatment (0, 5, and 20 μM) for 48 hours. (B) The peak chart shows the cell accumulation in each phase; we defined 50k as a haploid chromosome. (C) The percentage of various phases in the cell cycle is shown in bar charts. (D) There are increasing trends of sub-G1 on both NCCIT and NTERA2 cell lines exposed to IATL. The data are shown as mean ± SD (** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001). (E) Additional flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI dual staining was conducted to detect the stage of apoptosis. NCCIT and NTERA2 were treated with IATL (0, 5, and 20 μM) for 48 hours. (F) The bar chart shows the proportion of testicular cancer cells; the viable cells decreased after IATL treatment.