Research Paper Volume 16, Issue 13 pp 10670—10693
Roles of pigment epithelium-derived factor in exercise-induced suppression of senescence and its impact on lung pathology in mice
Figure 3. Voluntary exercise up-regulates PEDF and suppresses cellular senescence. Six-month-old wild-type mice were subjected to voluntary exercise for 8 weeks. (A) Total RNA was isolated from skeletal muscles (TA and SOL) and Pedf levels were analyzed by real-time PCR. Values were normalized to 18S rRNA in each sample. (B) Serum PEDF levels were analyzed by ELISA. (C) The expression of Ink4a, Arf and p21 in the lungs was analyzed by real-time PCR. Values were normalized to Gapdh in each sample. (D) Lung sections were stained for SA-β-gal. Arrowheads indicate SA-β-gal-positive cells. Scale bar, 100 μm. (E) The number of SA-β-gal-positive cells was counted in each sample. (F) The expression of Il-1b, Il-6, and Mmp-12 in lung total RNA was analyzed by real-time PCR. Values were normalized to 18S-rRNA in each sample. Values represent means ± SEM. Data were analyzed by the Student’s t-test. *P <0.05, **P <0.01, and ***P <0.001.