Research Paper Volume 16, Issue 9 pp 7553—7577

Figure 4. Sex chromosomes significantly affect body growth but little on cardiac growth and LV remodelling during aging. Body weight, Tibial length, and indexed Heart weight for tibial length (HW/TL). A and B: Young mice (6 months). (A) non-Gx 6-month-old mice with one (X) or two X chromosomes (XX). Phenotypic males (solid blue dots) and females (solid red dots). (B) Gx 6-month-old mice (Gx at five weeks). Phenotypic males (blue circles) and females (red circles). (C, D) Old mice (20 months). (C) non-Gx 20-month-old mice. Phenotypic males (solid green dots) and females (solid orange dots). (D) Gx 20-month-old mice (Gx at six months). Phenotypic males (green circles) and females (orange circles). Data are represented as mean +SEM. Two-way ANOVA followed by Holm-Sidak post-test. ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01, ^***p < 0.001 and ^****p < 0.0001 between indicated groups. Variables are phenotypical sex (Sex) and one or two X chromosomes (X dosage). P-values below 0.05 are indicated on the graphs for the two variables. (E–H) LV wall thickness, End-diastolic LV diameter (EDD) and LV relative wall thickness (RWT) during aging by echocardiography. (E) Non-Gx males with one X chromosome (left; solid dots) or two X chromosomes (right; empty dots and gray background). (F) Gx males (MGx) at the age of 6 months. (G) Non-Gx females with two X chromosomes (left; solid dots) or one X chromosome (right; empty dots and gray background). (H) Gx females (FGx) at the age of 6 months. Data are represented as mean +SEM. One-way ANOVA followed by Holm-Sidak post-test. ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01, ^***p < 0.001 and ^****p < 0.0001 between indicated groups.