Figure 8. (A) Wilcoxon test compares differences in the expression of 24 widely reported WERs between different risk groups across datasets GSE32894, GSE13507, GSE48075, and TCGA-BLCA, summarizing significantly upregulated or downregulated findings with box plots. (B) ROC curves compare the performance of MPIG-derived risk scores and the expression levels of FGFR-3, PD-L1, CTLA-4, ERBB-3, HER-2, PD-1 in predicting survival shortening events in UC patients. (C) Violin plots and the Wilcoxon test compare differences in MPIG-derived risk scores between responders and non-responders to monotherapy immunotherapy (atezolizumab) in the IMvigor210 trial. (D) ROC curves and AUC values assess the performance of a binary model predicting the response of advanced UC patients to immunotherapy, based on MPIG-derived risk scores, tested in a random external dataset.