Figure 5. Upstream regulators and hub genes in Dectin-1 signaling. (A) Hub Gene Networks. Protein-protein interaction network of hub genes identified based on the degree by using CytoHubba plugin of the Cytoscape. Hub genes were identified in all cohorts, Young, Young*, Older*, HIV-Young and HIV-Older. The red color of the node represents a higher degree of interaction, orange represents an intermediate degree of interaction, and nodes with yellow color represent a lower degree of interaction compared to others. Oval nodes reflect upregulated DEGs, triangle shaped nodes represent down-regulated DEGs. (B) Upstream regulators of Dectin-1 signaling. DEGs were analyzed for upstream regulators using IPA and top upstream regulators (including transcription factors) with Z-scores cutoff of 4 are listed for all cohorts.